Which of the following statements is true with regards to the research on Maslow's needs hierarchy? There are no higher levels in the pyramid, because self-actualization needs can never be fully satisfied. But, if they have achievement needs, the job itself creates little motivation to perform. b. Freud studies mainly "sick" people. High-nAff people like to be around other people, including other people at work. c) Motivator factors involve what people actually do in their jobs. c.) Teachable and more. But what if Lucretia also has a need to dominate others? d.) Goal setting a.) Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. e) inducements, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by selecting people with proper abilities, training them well, providing them the needed resources, and identifying clear performance goals. The Victims' Rights Movement. individual. Motivator factors involve our long-term need to pursue psychological growth (much like Maslows esteem and self-actualization needs). The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. a. But paying him more will not cause long-term satisfaction unless motivators are present. In contrast, he can exert a lot of effort and still not catch a fish. Which of the following statements about goal setting is INCORRECT? As shown in Exhibit 14.7, the ERG model addresses the same needs as those identified in Maslows work: Exhibit 14.8 identifies a number of ways in which organizations can help their members satisfy these three needs. One major problem with the need approach to motivation is that we can make up a need for every human behavior. Equity To fight. To be interested in theory. Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. That means giving them opportunities to learn new skills, to perform their jobs without interference, and to develop meaningful relationships with other customers and employees in other departments. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. b) Instrumentality financial assets include all of the following, except? c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. B. Instilling faith-hope . b) self esteem d) Clayton Alderfer Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: contingency. 54. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. We will always satisfy our need for water before we satisfy our social needs; water needs have prepotency over social needs. Those are the needs at the bottom of the pyramid (physiological, safety, and security). Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on goal-oriented rewards and punishments, top-down goals, goals that are easily stated in objective terms, and individual instead of group goals. __________ is the process of developing, negotiating, and formalizing the targets or objectives that a person is responsible for accomplishing. d) valences Designing jobs that are neither too challenging nor too boring is key to managing motivation. c) reinforcers Many organizations manage the achievement needs of their employees poorly. Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. c.) physiological, safety, and social. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. That is, most people spend much of their lives developing self-esteem and the esteem of others. These are expectations for Mintzberg's interpersonal role of ____. e) Hygiene factors include working conditions, interpersonal relations, organizational policies, and salary. David C. McClelland and his associates (especially John W. Atkinson) built on the work of Murray for over 50 years. Herzberg argued that there are two sets of needs, instead of the five sets theorized by Maslow. b) sense of achievement. Lucretias chattiness probably indicates her need for affiliation. To feed, help, support, console, protect, comfort, nurse, heal. Motivators relate to job content. c) affiliation The nAff has important implications for organizational behavior. They have very strong desires for feedback about how well they are doing. As you would expect, high-nAff people are very sociable. This process was adopted and provided a safer and more efficient way to maintain and clean New York City's sprawling subway. According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. d) valences As a result, they perform better in jobs that require teamwork. According to his theory, people first direct their attention to satisfying their lower-order needs. Such needs may exist (latent needs); the work environment is simply not conducive to their manifestation (manifest needs). Performing well on this job wont satisfy their need to be around other people. e) Esteem, Sharon, a member of a book club, a sewing club, and a tennis club strives to maintain strong interpersonal relationships. Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are sources of job satisfaction and motivator factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. 66. The diversity of the living world is staggering. Automation has eliminated many such jobs, but they are still numerous. d) The research can only be replicated with the original method. b) Stajkovic, Locke, and Blair a) The theory may be method bound. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. A PURCHASE DOES NOT INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF WINNING. Effective managers carefully assess the degree to which people have high or low nAff. d.) Motivator Need-based theories describe motivated behavior as individual efforts to meet needs. The second set of needs he termed hygienes. Hygienes relate to the work environment and are based in the basic human need to avoid pain. According to Herzberg, growth needs motivate us to perform well and, when these needs are met, lead to the experience of satisfaction. When these needs are met, we experience satisfaction. citation tool such as, Authors: David S. Bright, Anastasia H. Cortes. They feel personally responsible for completing whatever tasks they are assigned. He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). e) Reinforcement. They want to know whether they have achieved or not. e.) safety and self-actualization. a) It is not pertinent for cultures outside of the United States. According to the theory, our longevity is primarily determined at the moment of conception and is largely reliant on our parents and their genes. The content theories of motivation include all of the following EXCEPT: a. hierarchy of needs theory. Creative Commons Attribution License d) power Job enrichment is one effective strategy; this frequently entails training and rotating employees through different jobs, or adding new challenges. e) organizational justice, ___________ is the degree to which all people are treated the same under a policy. d) power a) The multiplier effect is still in question. a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs a) expectancies d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. 1 . 2017. This company spent two years perfecting gym socks, and it paid off. Business Insider. e) The theory fails and does not clearly categorize salary. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: a) hygiene factors are associated with the job context or work setting. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. As a manager at Icon International, Nicole is driven by a personal sense of competence, respect from others, and recognition through various awards. Which of the following statements accurately describes Herzberg's hygiene factors? OpenStax is part of Rice University, which is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit. c) Motivation = expectancy + equity + rewards Vroom's expectancy theory argues that work motivation is determined by an individual's beliefs regarding the linkage between effort and performance, the linkage between performance and work outcomes, and the value placed on those work outcomes. For example, our need for water takes precedence over our need for social interaction (this is also called prepotency). To admire and support a superior. Term used to describe a therapy style in which the therapist remains relatively neutral and does not interpret or take direct actions with regard to the client, instead remaining a calm, nonjudgmental listener while the client talks. relation to the euro, what is the c) Esteem behavioral. When theyre present in sufficient quantities, we avoid dissatisfaction, but they do not contribute to satisfaction. One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. b) self esteem The implications of Maslows theory for organizational behavior are as much conceptual as they are practical. c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. Murray studied many different needs, but very few in any detail. They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. b) self esteem Alderfers model is potentially more useful than Maslows in that it doesnt create false motivational categories. Herzberg considered job duties that lead to feelings of achievement and recognition to be motivators. d) Equity The general strategy for the practical application of situational theories includes all of the following except? There are not enough workers who feel personal satisfaction for having the cleanest floors in a building. [2] In addition to individual differences in development, developmental psychologists generally agree that development occurs in an orderly way and in different areas simultaneously.